Social theories in social work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Social speculations in social work - Essay Example Social work is an order that includes the use of social hypothesis and some exploration techniques. The reason for which is to improve the general nature of living of society on the loose. Social work joins and uses other sociologies so as to improve the human conditions. Social work is along these lines a calling resolved to achieve social equity and an improved way of life. Social work manages and settle pretty much every significant social issue. Social laborers are engaged with the investigating the main drivers of different social issues and creating perfect arrangements reads for the equivalent. They may work with people, gatherings or the general public developed in the mid nineteenth century. Social function as a calling advanced in the mid nineteenth century. This was started by the issues made in the public eye by the modern insurgency. Social work as a calling. It was activated by the distinctive utilization of logical thinking and hypotheses to different investigations. Various instructive organizations acknowledged social work as a control and offered courses. In the twentieth century, the social work as a calling relied intensely on research and different proof based practices. This prompted a general improvement in the polished skill of social work. At present social laborers are fixated on bunches of interests in taking care of cultural issues. Proficient social laborers as a rule hold an expert degree in social work and may even have a permit or are expertly.

Welsh childhood Essay Example for Free

Welsh youth Essay Dylan Marlais Thomas was conceived in the Welsh seaport of Swansea, Carmarthenshire, Wales, on October 27, 1914. His dad, David John, was an English instructor and a future writer from whom Dylan acquired his scholarly and artistic capacities. From his mom, Florence, a straightforward and strict lady, Dylan acquired his state of mind, personality, and regard for his Celtic legacy. He had one more established sister, Nancy. He went to the Swansea Grammar School, where he got the entirety of his conventional training. As an understudy he made commitments to the school magazine and was definitely intrigued by neighborhood old (stories went down inside a culture). He said that as a kid he was little, slender, hesitantly dynamic, fast to get filthy, wavy. During these early school years, Thomas become a close acquaintence with Daniel Jones, another nearby student. The two would compose many sonnets together, and as grown-ups Jones would alter an assortment of Thomass verse. In the wake of leaving school, Thomas bolstered himself as an on-screen character, columnist, commentator, scriptwriter, and with different unspecialized temp jobs. At the point when he was twenty-two years of age, he wedded Caitlin Macnamara, by whom he had two children, Llewelyn and Colm, and a little girl, Aeron. After his marriage, Thomas moved to the angling town of Laugharne, Carmarthenshire. Starts composing vocation To help his developing family, Thomas had to compose radio contents for the Ministry of Information (Great Britains data administrations) and narratives for the British government. He additionally filled in as an airplane heavy weapons specialist during World War II (1939â€45; a war battled between Germany, Japan, and Italy, the Axis forces; and England, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States, the Allies). After the war he turned into an observer on verse for the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). In 1950 Thomas made the first of three talk visits through the Reproduced by authorization of AP/Wide World Photos . Joined Statesâ€the others were in 1952 and 1953â€in which he gave more than one hundred verse readings. In these appearances he half recounted, half sang the lines in his Welsh performing voice. Thomass beautiful yield was not enormous. He composed just six sonnets over the most recent six years of his life. A tiring talk plan enormously eased back his artistic yield in these years. His conviction that he would kick the bucket youthful drove him to make moment Dylanâ€the persona of the wild youthful Welsh troubadour, doomed by drink and ladies, that he accepted his open needed. At the point when he was thirty-five years of age, he portrayed himself as old, little, dim, savvy, and dashing hovering dabbing looked at †¦ thinning up top and toothlessing. During Thomass visit to the United States in 1953, he was booked to peruse his own and other verse in somewhere in the range of forty college towns all through the nation. He likewise planned to chip away at the lyrics (content) of a drama for Igor Stravinsky (1882â€1971) in the latters California home. Thomas commended his thirty-ninth birthday celebration in New York City in a state of mind of gay elation, following the exceptional achievement of his simply distributed Collected Poems. The merriments finished in his breakdown and disease. On November 9, 1953, he kicked the bucket in St. Vincents Hospital in New York City. A few reports ascribe his demise to pneumonia welcomed on by liquor abuse, others to encephalopathy, a cerebrum illness. His body was come back to Laugharne, Wales, for entombment. Artistic works Thomas distributed his first book of verse, Eighteen Poems (1934), when he was not yet twenty years of age. The reeling energy of a verse inebriated student destroyed the Philistine as hard a blow with one little book as Swinburne had with Poems and Ballads, composed Kenneth Rexroth. Thomass second and third volumes were Twenty-five Poems (1936) and The Map of Love (1939). The sonnets of his initial three volumes were gathered in The World I Breathe (1939). At this point Thomas was being hailed as the most fabulous of the surrealist artists, or artists who utilized awesome symbolism of the subliminal in their section. He recognized his obligation to James Joyce (1882â€1941) and dabbed his pages with concocted words and plays on words (the utilization of at least two words that sound the equivalent, for the most part for clever purposes). Thomas additionally recognized his obligation to Sigmund Freud (1856â€1939), expressing: Poetry is the cadenced, unavoidably account, development from an over dressed visual deficiency to a bare vision.†¦ Poetry must drag further into the away from of light more even of the concealed causes than Freud could understand. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Dog (1940) is an assortment of entertaining personal (having to do with expounding on oneself) portrays. Thomas adored the wild scene of Wales, and he put quite a bit of his adolescence and youth into these accounts. He distributed two all the more new assortments of verse, the two of which contained a portion of his best work: Deaths and Entrances (1946) and In Country Sleep (1951). Gathered Poems, 1934â€1953 (1953) contains the entirety of his verse that he wished to save. Subjects and style Thomas asserted that his verse was the record of my individual battle from obscurity toward some proportion of light.†¦ To be deprived of haziness is to be spotless, to segment of murkiness is to make clean. He additionally composed that his sonnets with every one of their crudities, questions, and disarrays, are composed for the love of man and in recognition of God, and Id be a doomed idiot on the off chance that they werent. Enthusiastic and serious, clear and rough, Thomas composed that he turned into an artist since I had become hopelessly enamored with words. His feeling of the extravagance and assortment and adaptability of the English language radiates through the entirety of his work. The topic of all of Thomass verse is the festival of the heavenly (faithful) reason he found in all human and normal procedures. The pattern of birth and blossoming and passing, of adoration and demise, are likewise found all through his sonnets. He praised life in the oceans and fields and slopes and towns of his local Wales. In a portion of his shorter sonnets he tried to recover a childs honest vision of the world. Thomas was enthusiastically devoted to his dreary workmanship, and he was a skilled, completed, and sporadically complex expert. He made, for instance, in excess of 200 forms of Fern Hill before he was happy with it. His initial sonnets are generally secretive and complex in sense however basic and clear in design. His later sonnets, then again, are basic in sense however complex in sounds. Under Milk Wood, a radio play authorized by the BBC (distributed 1954), was Thomass last finished work. This sonnet play isn't a show however a motorcade of weird, unbelievable, and beguiling Welsh townspeople. During the twenty-four hours introduced in the play, the characters recollect and contemplate the easygoing and significant snapshots of their lives. Experiences in the Skin Trade and Other Stories (1955) contains all the uncollected stories and shows the mind and amusingness that made Thomas a captivating friend.

On IAP

On IAP Hiiiii allll!!! Its been far too long since my last post! Let me update you on my life since October! First, Ive passed every class that Ive finished! Yay! Seeing the P on my report card brought me tears of pure joy. No, not that kind of P. The pass kind of P! I passed calc, writing, and music tech! My physics class continues into IAP (more on that later). It was all relatively painless, although my music tech final project stressed me out a bit. See, I was gonna write a musical programing language. A novel way to write songs, I described it as! Then I started writing a parser and was like, Aww crap. This is harder then I thought, so a few days before the project was due, I restarted using Lua. I ended up not finishing it. I had nothing. When I went to give my presentation in front of the class I was like, Uhhhhh, I dont have anything?? It was very sad, but I talked about what I wanted it to be and I ended up getting full points on my project. Yee!!! Now, onto IAP. Between the Fall and Spring terms lies the mystical land of IAP. Throughout the month of January you can take classes, work on personal projects, do UROPs, or just hang out. Here is a full outline of all of my plans for IAP. Physics My physics class, 8.01L, goes on until the end of IAP. Really breaks my poor heart T-T. As you can guess, Im not a big fan of physics. Oh well, thats why Im in 8.01L. Jojo Jojo? JOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOJOOOOO! Yes! Episodes of part 5 are being released and Im watching them v slowly because I refuse to pay for Crunchyroll premium. Also, I introduced my partner to Jojo and weve been watching part 3 together. A quality bonding time for us :3 For your viewing pleasure, the torture dance from part 5: Dark Souls Dark Souls? DAAAAAAA- Ive loved Dark Souls since forever (I may or may not have talked about it during my MIT interview and included a quote in my FUN form), however Ive never met another person who loves it as much as I do. Until I came to MIT, that is. Since September, weve been playing through Dark Souls 2. She is the Invincible Shield, and I am the Annihilating Sword. Literally, I use two of these bad bois:  https://darksouls2.wiki.fextralife.com/Fume+Ultra+Greatsword Were a great team, crushing everything in our way! *Warcry* *Praise the sun* *Well, what is it?* Game Development Ive talked about it before, but Im very into game design and development. I recently applied (as in, 30 minutes before I started writing this post) to UROP with the MIT Game Lab. Hopefully I get it, but well see. Regardless, Im going to work on a little Megaman demo project. I highly recommend looking up Megaman if you dont know what it is, its a really incredibly game and is what got me interested in making video games in first place. I just want to work on simple Megaman game. Nothing fancy, just the basics. Its been my dream project since forever and Ive started and stopped similar projects several times in the past, but hopefully I can remain focused during IAP. Focus is really the hardest thing to maintain during any project. You begin in a sort of honeymoon phase, and then you start actually working on it and realize that its going to be a lot more work. You start to work on the project less and less before ultimately getting a passion for a different project. You drop this one and start work on the next one. Happens all the time. I havent figured out how to break it, but Ill keep you posted. True crime podcasts My sister got me hooked on true crime podcasts. I cant stop listening to Casefile. Does it make me scared and nervous? Of course! Am I going to stop listening to it? Of course not! Other good ones that my sister introduced me to: Serial, In the Dark, Dirty John, and Dr. Death. Video games Steam winter sale. I bought Outlast 2, the Penumbra series, and EU 4 (people on my hall have been playing it :P) for around $20! Just in time! Finally, I just want to talk about my schedule for next semester. Here is my planned schedule in all its glory: 8.02 (Electricity and Magnetism) 6.009 (Fundamentals of Programming) 21M.301 (Harmony and Counterpoint) 18.100B (Real Analysis) Most of my choices arent that shocking. Students take 8.02 after 8.01. 6.009 is a prerequisite for many course 6 classes. And, ya know, Im into music. 18.100B is probably the most out-there class on my list. I have no analysis background. I have no proof background (unless you count geometry, which I dont -_-). Im gonna be busy af next semester. Im both excited and scared, but thats ok! I may not have PNR as a safety net, but thats ok! I feel like Im taking a really big step, but at the same time I feel like I can manage. If I cant, well, here is the great Joseph Joestar with some wise words: PS: I highly the recommend the album Heir to Despair by Sigh. Super cool prog metal.

Gender Roles Are Set Of Societal Norms - 1530 Words

Introduction Gender roles are set of societal norms dictating the types of behavior which are genrally considered acceptable , appropriate based on their actual or perceived sex or sexuality of the person. Gender roles are also determined by the prevailing cultural norms. Gender stereotypes also alters the the attitudes, traits, and behavior patterns of males and females. Gender stereotypes on the basis of sexism, or the prejudiced beliefs that value males over females. Common forms of sexism in today’s society include gender-role expectations, such as expecting women to be the caretakers of the household. Sexism also includes of how a members of a gender group should behave. For example, women are expected to be friendly, nurturing and passive; when a woman behaves in an unfriendly or rude manner, she may be disliked or apprehend as aggressive because she has violated a gender role . In contrast, a man behaving in a similarly unfriendly or rude way might be apprehend as strong or even ga in respect in some circumstances During Victorian era a male has always been dominating figure in family. Men were highly expected to provide for the family, their work in the family meant bringing back money. While men commuted to their place of work_ the factory, shop or office. While Females were left at home all day their duty was to watch over the domestic duties that were increasingly carried out by servant, rather than performing it themselves. Men were superior over women andShow MoreRelatedGender Roles Are A Set Of Societal Norms Essay1648 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Gender roles are a set of societal norms dictating the types of behaviors which are generally considered acceptable, appropriate, or desirable for people based on their actual or perceived sex or sexuality† (Oxford). Is it a boy or girl? What sport will he play? When will she take dance lessons? Women shouldn’t have jobs! Men should work while women take care of the house! Women belong in the kitchen! Men don’t do househo ld chores! These are just some examples of stereotypes adopted by societyRead MoreSocial Construction Theory : The Product Of Society And History851 Words   |  4 Pagesevery person; they are the values, norms, values, and images in society that are combined, constructed, or created. Societal pressures and the media offer racial, gender, and sexual biases which society uses to form a complete portrayal of each group. From a gender inequality approach, social construction theorists argue that societal and historical beliefs determine the characteristics for each gender. Societal pressure forces men and women into their inherent roles which they may not fall into naturallyRead MoreQuestions On Door Holding Exchanges1056 Words   |  5 Pagesaccepted as a societal norm. 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The paradigm between collective action and individual desire results in the formation of what is deemed socially acceptable, such as gender roles, sexual orientation, gender performance etc. â€Å"It is social norms that provide the constraints by which the interaction between the basic dyad of self and other is governed†¦social norms also provide the source of identityRead Morehe Impact of Heteronormativity on the Transgender Community In society, children are taught1200 Words   |  5 Pagesexpectations onto the people around them. More often than not these societal expectations conform with that of a heteronormative mindset1. In a modern western context, heteronormativity is the notion that people fall into distinct genders, male and female, and lead natural roles in life all while conforming to the ideology of traditional binary gender roles. Such heteronormative bias asserts that traditional binary gender roles--masculine men and feminine females--and heterosexuality are the mostRead MoreThe, The Tale Of Genji, And Sunjata1455 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluence the listener through relatable or believable stories, whether they be fact or fiction, to solidify the gender hierarchy as shown in literary stories such as Lysistrata, the Tale of Genji, and Sunjata. The solidification of the gender hierarchy through stories cemented women into a position below men of which women were and still are unable to escape or to improve on. The gender hierarchy is commonly demonstrated through the objectification of women. This has been exemplified through theseRead MoreSexuality and the development of a sexual selfhood is a development that can occur during900 Words   |  4 Pagesbehavior as human behavior was thought to be directly related to reproductive processes. Furthermore, this perspective prompted Erikson to conclude that sexual behavior and gender were unlearned (nature) and instinctual. Now, these perspectives have been critiqued from the standpoint that there is more freedom to self-select gender roles than was previously envisioned. In addition, there has been a recent shift to realizing that â€Å"part of adolescence is the very broad task of navigating how to become aRead MoreGender And Gender Roles1456 Words   |  6 Pagesthey must be and how they must act determined by their gender. Gender roles are a set of societal norms that dictate a person’s behavior based on the appropriate and acceptable rules for their gender. This notion derives from the assumption that girls favor dolls and dress-up, while boys prefer toy guns and trucks. These instances contribute to the concept that those of male and female gender must fulfill a specific ideology. These societal standards are ingrained within us as children and we areRead MoreSymbolism In Praying By Artist Kesha1083 Words   |  5 Pagestelevisions presenting forth slogans that represent societal expectations, and the change in color and position from the beginning of the video to the end. The imagery of Kesha being trapped and tangled up in a net symbolizes the struggles many women face in society today. In the video, Kesha is pictured confined in nets all over her body. This imagery represents the feeling of entrapment and the feeling of being unable to break free of the gender roles that are so highly expected and enforced in theRead MoreSocial Construction Of Gender And Masculinity1689 Words   |  7 Pagesattitudes regarding the social construction of gender, specifically masculinity and femininity. Children’s attitudes are influenced by a variety of external sources, but are most strongly influenced by their home life and parents. Parents are responsible for nurturing and teaching children about multiple aspects in life, including gender norms; this occurs both consciously and unconsciously. One-way parents pass on their beliefs about gender and gender norms are through the giving of heteronormative toys

Natural Law Theory Essay - 661 Words

Natural Law Theory The natural law theory is a theory that dates back to the time of the Greeks and great thinkers like Plato and Aristotle. Defined as the law which states that human are inborn with certain laws preordained into them which let them determine what is right and what is wrong.(Bainton 174) This theory was them adapted by religious philosophers to fit the Christian religion.(Berkhof 114) This, however was not exactly the same as the original. The classical thinkers were the first to define the natural law. Heraclitus, in the sixth century BC, specified one the components by saying, *for all human laws are nourished by one, the divine.* This meant that a divine power determined a logic and gave to all humans. (Microsoft†¦show more content†¦For Stoics, the wise would be those who excluded emotion and passion from their decision making process.(Bainton 21-22) The great Christian philosophers came upon this theory and realized that it was compatible to their religion. Probably the most famous of them was St. Thomas Aquinas. He stated in his Summa Theologiae that God gave man the ability to determine the difference of right from wrong by the *Eternal Law.* This law gave all beings a tendency to do what was proper or natural. He went on to say that by doing what was right, each being was in fact using divine reason. The natural law, according to Aquinas, was the participation in the Eternal Law, doing what was right.(Comptons) Marriage and the procreation of children, for example, are natural to all beings. The desire to marry and make offspring is an inborn instinct given by God. The natural law, in both Christian and secular views, state that all humans act or should act in certain ways and abide by certain rules, and that these were predestined by a divine power. The Christian thinkers, led by St. Thomas Aquinas, only added that the divine power was God and that by doing what was right, one was using divine reason. The natural law is the essence of the word natural. It just means anything normal or feels normal is right. I do agree with most of the natural law. I very much believe that God gave man the ability to reaso n right from wrong and that sometimes we just have a feel for whatShow MoreRelatedThe s Natural Law Theory1219 Words   |  5 Pages The Aquina’s Natural Law Theory has five primary precepts: Reproduction, Life (living to the supreme good), education in adult life, worshiping God, and law and order (Natural Law Theory, 2010). With this being one theory that Christians live by, I think these five precepts would be very easy to automatically disagree with some, if not all of these scientific advancements. Such as birth control and homosexuality, but with the changes in society s view, so does the natural law. The Stoics believedRead MoreExplain the Theory of Natural Law1808 Words   |  8 PagesJanuary 2001 Explain the theory of Natural law (25 marks) The theory of natural law originates from Aristotle’s idea of goodness as fitness for purpose and stoic’s concept of a universal law of reason which is in agreement with nature. What we now call human nature. This point is then furthered by Aquinas who agrees with the argument but furthers it by linking it with his Christian belief by saying following this law is equivalent to following the command of God as human nature is in us inbuiltRead MoreExplain Natural Law Theory Essay1128 Words   |  5 PagesExplain Natural Law theory In this essay, I will discuss the theories behind Natural Law, as well as the qualities it is seen to possess. I will explain Aquinas’ concepts and theory on Natural Law, discussing eudaimonia and the doctrine of the double effect. Finally, I will reflect on some of the positive and negative aspects, in summarising Natural Law theory. It is important to highlight that Natural Laws differ from acts which occur naturally. There are many aspects to Natural Law, the firstRead MoreThe Natural Law Theory Essay examples1037 Words   |  5 Pagesby the natural law theory is the only true and moral way to live life; especially a life lived in God’s image. God’s presence is a guiding factor to obtaining a moral and virtuous life, which can only be obtained by following the natural law theory. God created a set of laws as a supreme guide for humans to live life, like any law these laws were created to ensure wellbeing for everyone. 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When discussing the nature of law, Spaak states, â€Å"that while the moral conception is what is likely favored on a smaller scale, the strictly legal conception is more appealing because it is broaderRead MoreExplain Finnis’ Natural Law Theory Essay757 Words   |  4 PagesExplain Finnis’ Natural Law Theory (30 marks) John Finnis, an Australian legal philosopher has tried to resurrect the natural law tradition in moral philosophy and law since the mid-1960s. He tries to offer a neo-Aquinian natural law philosophy which does not presuppose a divine being. By focusing attention on goods rather than a single Good, Finnis skilfully articulates what he calls a theory of moral action for our day. Or, in other words, he seeks a theory of how to live well. Finnis identifiesRead MoreLocke s Theory Of Equality And Natural Law2387 Words   |  10 PagesLocke’s theory of equality and natural law. What is equality? Equality is the state of being equal and the rights of status. Throughout the 1st and 2nd treatise of government Locke put emphasis on equality. Locke is a liberalist who believes that everyone should have equality in a governed society. The reason Locke feels that way is because in a society the people create the government. With the citizens doing this they give the government consent to g overn them by protecting them and their propertyRead Moreâ€Å"What Are the Major Strengths and Weakness of Dworkin’s Theory of Law as Compared to a Positivist or Natural Law Perspective?† Discuss.1988 Words   |  8 Pagesweakness of Dworkin’s theory of law as compared to a positivist or natural law perspective?† Discuss. Arguably one of the most influential legal theorists of the 20th century, Ronald Dworkin’s dealings with law’s interpretation and integrity has lead to inevitable contradictions with that of positivist ideology, with his work essentially revitalising a method of thinking that had long been considered dead and buried. Perhaps most notoriously, Dworkin combated the positivist theory of his former teacher

Cell Energetics Study Guide Free Essays

Cellular Energetics Study Guide 1. Overall Metabolism a. Oxidation – a molecule LOSSES hydrogen, energy is RELEASED b. We will write a custom essay sample on Cell Energetics Study Guide or any similar topic only for you Order Now Reduction – a molecule GAINS hydrogen, energy is GAINED and stored (the more reduced a molecule is, the more energy is stored in its COVALENT BONDS) *** Always occur in a coupled pair (RED-OX)*** c. Electron Carriers i. Oxidizing Agents: are REDUCED to OXIDIZE another molecule 1. NAD+ – oxidizes glucose to 2 pyruvate in glycolysis, oxidizes pyruvate to CO2 in the Kreb’s cycle (gets reduced to NADH) 2. NADP+- oxidizes H2O to O2 during the Light Dependent Reactions of photosynthesis, final electron acceptor from chlorophyll (PSI) (gets reduced to NADPH) 3. FAD+- oxidizes NADH to NAD during glycolysis and transported to the mitochondrion (gets reduced to FADHs) ii. Reducing Agents: are OXIDIZED to REDUCE another molecule 4. NADH- reduces 2 pyruvate to 2 lactic acid in fermentation, reduces O2 during the respiratory chain (gets oxidized to NAD) *CANNOT pass through the mitochondrion* 5. NADPH- reduces CO2 to form carbohydrates (Calvin Cycle) in the Dark Reactions of photosynthesis (gets oxidized to NADP) 6. FADH2- reduces O2 during the respiratory chain (gets oxidized to FAD) *CAN pass through the mitochondrion* 2. Phosphorylation: Formation of ATP (ADP + P ATP) d. Substrate-level: direct enzymatic transfer of a phosphate to ADP * Only occurs during glycolysis when O2 is not needed to function * Only a small amount of ATP is produced this way e. Electron Transfer /Chemiosmosis: the movement of protons (H+) down a concentration gradient through ATP synthase that can HARNESS THE ENERGY OF THAT GRADIENT (proton-motive force) to bond ADP and phosphate to create ATP through oxidative phosphorylation * Occurs during the Light Dependent Reaction * 90% of ATP is produced this way 3. Photosynthesis f. Balanced Net Reaction: light 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 g. Light Dependent Reaction – occurs on the thylakoid lumen iii. Photolysis – oxidation of H2O to release electrons used to return PSII to ground state iv. NADP Reduction – NADP receives an electron from PSI as it passes through electron transfer chains, reducing it to NADPH+. Electrons are passed from excited atoms that gain energy from a photon. v. ATP Synthesis – ATP is produced by chemiosmotic phosphorylation. Proton gradient (within the thylakoid interior) is made as electrons from photosystems are passed through proton pumps. h. Light Independent Reaction – occurs in the stroma vi. CO2 fixation: RuBP + CO2 2 PGA (a form that can be easily reduced). The reaction is catalyzed by RUBISCO. 7. In the presence of oxygen, RuBP + O2 Bad Sugar; process is called photorespiration. Plants overcome this by keeping a HIGH concentration of CO2. Land plants must compromise opening the stroma to maintain high CO2 concentration with loss of H2O. There are 2 additional adaptations that evolved: a. C-4 Pathway – formation of Oxaloacetate (C-4) from CO2 + PEP (C-3). Occurs in outer cells (mesophyll). Calvin cycle occurs in inner cells only (closer to supply of CO2, bundle sheath). b. CAM Pathway – like C-4, but fixation only occurs at night, when water loss is minimal. Found in desert plants, like cacti. vii. Calvin Cycle 8. PGA is reduced to PGAL using the products of the light dependent reaction, NADPH (oxidized) and ATP (provides energy) 9. One-sixth of the PGAL produced is used to create glucose for the cell to grow and repair. 10. Five-sixths of the PGAL is used to produce RuBP, completing the cycle (energy requiring). 4. Cellular Respiration i. Balanced Net Reaction: C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O j. Glycolysis – occurs in the cytoplasm. All organisms carry out this process. viii. Glucose is double phosphorylated by 2 ATP and broken up into two three carbon phosphorylated molecules called PGAL ix. Each PGAL is phosphorylated by a free phosphate and ADP to form Biphosphoglycerate (BPG) while NAD is reduced to NADH. x. Each BPG aides in Substrate Level Phosphorylation of two ADP’s to form 2 ATP’s. Water is released. The remaining 3 carbon molecule is pyruvate. k. Fermentation – when pyruvate is used to oxidize NADH to replenish NAD+. Only produces 2 ATP per glucose through glycolysis. Some organisms (anaerobic) do it exclusively. Occurs regularly in all cells, but products can build up when NAD supplied through reduction of pyruvate is not available. 2 Forms: xi. Alcoholic – produces ethanol and CO2 from reduction of pyruvate. xii. Lactic acid – produces lactic acid from the reduction of pyruvate. l. Kreb’s Cycle – NAD required to begin. Takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria or in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes. xiii. Pyruvate is oxidized to Acetyl CoA, Reduced by _______, Releases 1 NADH. iv. Acetyl CoA is added to Oxaloacetate to form Citrate. xv. Citrate is broken down releasing 2 H2O and is oxidized 4x: by NAD+ thrice and once by FAD+. One Substrate Level phosphorylation occurs producing ATP. Oxaloacetate is the product and continues the cycle by being added to the next available acetyl CoA. m. Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation – takes place on the crist ae (inner mitochondrial) membrane. xvi. NADH and FADH2, products of Glycolysis and Krebs are oxidized by Q (molecule embedded in the membrane). Electrons are passed to cytochrome and protons are pumped into the proton pumps. xvii. The protons diffuse back through ATP synthase in a process called chemiosmosis. The energy harnessed allows an oxidative phosphorylation of ATP. (3 for each NADH, 2 for each FADH2) xviii. Free protons in the matrix and the electrons accepted by E. T. C are passed to O2, which is reduced to water. Stomata Allows gas exchange; since a lot of water can be lost, plants only open stomata for photosynthesis in daylight; at night they close to reduce loss of water. **CAM plants keep their stomates closed during day and open at night*** Mesophyll C-3 Plants: Calvin Cycle during day C-4 Plants: CO2 combines with 3 carbon molecule PEP to form C-4 acid CAM Plants: stores CO2 in organic compounds that are synthesized at night Bundle sheath C-4 Plants: Calvin Cycle during day CAM Plants: Calvin Cycle during day Thylakoid lumen Light dependent reactions Stroma Calvin Cycle/Light independent reactions Inner membr ane E. T. C. Cytoplasm Glycolysis Fermentaion Matrix Kreb’s Cycle Diagrams (know following structures and what takes place there) How to cite Cell Energetics Study Guide, Papers

Marketing Plan for Apple Inc free essay sample

Marketing Plan for Apple Inc Introduction Apple Inc. designs, manufactures, and sells personal computers, computer accessories and computer related software. The company also offers peripherals, networking solutions and other related services. Additionally, Apple computers designs, builds, and markets a wide array of portable digital music players, telecommunication devices alongside related accessories and services (Cameron Quinn 2011, p 288). Apple Inc owes its recent success in the highly competitive computer industry to its situation, marketing strategy and product mix that have gone a long way market the Apple brand as leader of good quality and satisfactory experience. The success of the company borrows draws a lot of inspiration from the ingenuity of its fallen CEO Steve jobs whom through his visionary leadership maintained imaginative ways doing business (Cameron Quinn 2011, p 288). Most importantly, Apple Inc is run through a combination of great strategy, innovative marketing, exceptional products and excellent product style and design. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Plan for Apple Inc or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Apple’s Marketing Approach According to Ireland, Hoskisson and Hitt (2008, p 10), Apple employs a customer focused marketing strategy. In so doing, the company focuses its operations on a specific area of expertise to emerge stronger in presenting the global market with a group of products that emphasize the superior technology through lean channels of distribution. Geographical segmentation plays a major role in the marketing approach by presenting geographical markets such as the US, Europe, Latin America and Africa with limited products varieties that include personal computers, networks, software, personal organizers, telecommunications devices, and other technology integration products (Ireland, Hoskisson and Hitt 2008, p 11). Apple’s target end user professional markets and students who keep abreast with high powered technological innovations. According to McDonald and Keegan (2002, p 48), Apple’s target market strategy focuses on broadly defined vertical markets where its high-tech products are marketed through new channel relationships across international borders. This strategy focuses on the company’s competitive strength as the designer and producer of high-tech products that promise better services for the global markets. The main tactic for achieving this marketing objective to remain consistent in promoting the high quality of its products through use of innovative technologies in the international communication platform such web based technologies (McDonald and Keegan 2002, p 48). Apple’s Marketing Orientation Apple has strived to remain customer focused in its marketing activities. As a result, the company exercises socially responsible marketing approaches through provision of superior quality products at fairly affordable costs (Schein 2010, p 230). To ensure that Apple’s products sell at customer friendly prices, the company has eliminated middle men to sell directly to its customers with a view of cutting down on the costs of distribution and hence end user prices. By selling directly to the end-users, the company understands the various needs of their customers and designs products that match their specifications and give the best value for their money. Additionally, Apple continues to respond to the specifications, needs and demands of its customers by promptly designing a range of products and services that fit the specific user segment. To meet the needs of the education customers for instance, Apple has designed innovative products such as one-to-one learning solutions, professional development solutions video creation solutions, editing solutions, iMac and MacBook to accommodate their learning needs (Schein, 2010, 231). Apple has effectively implemented an elaborate approach of reaching out to its customers through a purely customer driven marketing process. These process include using innovative communication technologies such as web based technologies to reach out to and educate its target customers on the strength and quality of its products. The company has additionally segmented its markets both geographically and in accordance with needs of its various customers to serve the specific needs of each market. Apple’s Brand Centered Marketing Culture Apple has over the years thrived on selling the strengths and quality of its brand. As such, the company huge sums of money advertisements to create strong brands for its products, which go a long way to establish brand loyalty among its customers. For instance, the late CEO Steve Jobs spent $ 100 million in advertisements for the iMac which eventually became an instant marketing hit. The company has continued to spend large amounts of money to run high powered advertisement campaigns that seek to create strong brands and endear the company’s products to the target customers (Schneiders 2011, p 10). For example the company recently ran the â€Å"switch† campaign urging customers to move to Apple products. In all these advertisements, Apple has remained focused on evoking lasting emotions and projecting the human touch from the perspective of customers who have literally believed in the charismatic approach of Steve Jobs that Apple’s products are designed for the convenience of the customer and for the love of technology.

FAS essays

FAS essays On any given day in the United States... 10,657 babies are born. (US Census Bureau). Twenty of these babies are born with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Twenty may seem as though it is not a lot, but when you compare it to the fact that this number is more than HIV positive, Muscular Dystrophy, Spina Bifida and Down Syndrome combine it creates a whole new parameter. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a direct result of a womans competed disregard for the fetus. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS, hereinafter), is a series of both mental and physical birth defects that can include, but are not limited to, mental retardation, deficiencies in growth, central nervous system dysfunction, behavioral maladjustments, and craniofacial abnormalities. It is common knowledge not to smoke or drink during pregnancy. Growth abnormalities can be significant and also includes all three of the following respects of growth: weight, length and head circumference. Most of the time the babys growth abnormalities are so severe they need to be hospitalized because of obvious failure to survive. A baby with craniofacial abnormalities can be recognized by their eyes in that they are small with exaggerated inner epicanthic folds. (Health Visitor Nov. 1981) The bridge of the nose is normally poorly developed. The ears are often large and simple in form. (Midwives Chronicle and Nursing notes) At first, when the baby is delivered, the affected infant shows signs of alcohol withdrawal; with signs that are much similar to delirium tremens in adults. They are often anxious, have a weak grasp, poor hand-to-eye coordination and consistent difficulty in feeding and sucking. People can not blame the mothers for the most part though. It is a common ignorance among the health care providers. Most health care providers are untrained and unfamiliar with substance abuse issues among pregnant women. FAS is widely misdiagnosed and or under diagnosed...

The 5 Best AP Chemistry Books Full Expert Reviews

The 5 Best AP Chemistry Books Full Expert Reviews SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The more challenging the subject, the more helpful it is to have a good review book. Since AP Chemistry is considered one of the most difficult classes in the AP canon, it's smart to pick up some additional resources to aid in your studying. There are quite a few popular review books out there, but some are more useful than others. In this guide, I'll provide detailed descriptions of the best AP Chemistry review books so you can choose the right one based on your needs as a student. What’s in This Guide? These are my recommendations for the best books students can use to prepare for the AP Chemistry exam (and review concepts throughout the year). For each book, I’ll list pros and cons, sum up my opinions, and provide a rating out of 10 based on how helpful it is for students. The first three AP Chemistry books are your best bets for a comprehensive and effective review of the course material. The last two supplemental review books are ones that you might consider buying for extra practice materials or additional study strategies on top of a couple of the more essential review books. At the end of this article, I’ll sum up my findings and tell you which review book or books you should get based on your goals, studying timeline, and familiarity with the material. The Best AP Chemistry Book for Long-Term Review 5 Steps to a 5 (McGraw-Hill) Price: $12 print, $10 digital Pros Four practice tests (two in the book, two online) Provides study plans that you can customize to fit your needs Gives you access to an AP Planner app that can be used alongside the book (the app also includes daily assignments and extra practice questions) Important equations are listed at the beginning of each content chapter Sticks to covering only what you need to know for the test Has friendly and understandable explanations of complex concepts Practice quizzes and a glossary are included at the end of each chapter Cons A few typos in the questions and answer explanations Summary This might be the best AP Chemistry review book available. It’s aligned well with the current format of the test, and it isn’t too skimpy or too dense with information. It also provides great instructions for structuring your studying, which is helpful if you consider yourself less of an organized student. You could also throw down some extra dollars for the elite version to get a set of five-minute activities designed to reinforce important AP Chem facts and ideas, but honestly, the regular version is perfectly adequate for most students' needs. Rating: 9.5/10 The Best AP Chemistry Book for Short-Term Review Crash Course (REA) Price: $13 print, $10 digital Pros Good test-taking tips for both multiple-choice and free-response questions Focuses exclusively on what you need to know for the exam Thorough in its explanations while sticking to the point and not becoming too long-winded Aligns well with the most recent updates to the AP Chemistry curriculum Cons Doesn’t offer many practice materials May have too narrow of a focus for students who want a review book that will help them on smaller in-class tests Summary This is a strong AP Chemistry review book due to its intense focus on the most important concepts to understand before the test. There’s a reason why it's called "Crash Course": it's meant to be used for a quick review, so it covers the material as efficiently as possible without any fluff. If you’re looking for help with more specific in-class assignments, you should probably supplement it with another book, but overall it’s a great tool to have in your arsenal. The only complaint I’ve seen is that, similar to 5 Steps to a 5, it doesn’t contain a ton of practice problems. You may have to turn to additional resources to test your knowledge further. Rating: 9/10 The Best Book for Practice Questions: AP Chemistry Practice Questions (Sterling Test Prep) Price: $24 print Pros 900 practice questions Great coverage of all the topics and types of questions you’ll see on the exam Useful test-taking tips at the beginning Online resources frequently and consistently updated (every 4-6 weeks) with user feedback! Cons It’s basically just practice questions with a couple of testing tips, so there’s no content overview or advice on how to structure your studying Summary This book is exactly what it says it is. It's an awesome practice resource that can be used alongside other review books. It’s also great if you already feel confident about the concepts but are looking for some extra practice. Rating: 9/10 for quality of questions, but you need to get another review book if you still don’t fully understand the material Supplementary AP Chemistry Review Books Cracking the AP Chemistry Exam (Princeton Review) Price: $14 print, $12 digital Pros Good advice on how to create a study plan and approach different types of questions Content is organized by the six "Big Ideas" of the course (major themes of AP Chemistry that were established in the most recent updates to the curriculum) Two full-length practice tests as well as practice multiple-choice and free-response questions at the end of each content chapter Sticks to what you actually need to know for the exam Practice problems are high-quality and replicate the content of the exam fairly well Cons Some students complain that it’s too sparse on answer explanations, particularly for math calculations It goes through the content relatively quickly and tends to skim the surface on a lot of topics People have noted that there are some factual errors in the book Summary This book is good for practice problems and light review if you already have a solid handle on the material. It's not so good if you’re still confused about complex concepts. Overall, it's a useful review book, but it's not one that will cover all of your bases if you're looking for more guidance. Rating: 7/10 Barron’s AP Chemistry 8th Edition Price: $25 print Pros Six practice tests (three diagnostic tests, three full-length practice exams) Helps you to effectively identify where you need improvement Cons Some errors in practice tests Goes outside the scope of the material you need to know for the test so could be a bit of a time-waster Questions more difficult than the real test (although this could be a positive depending on how you see things) Summary This review book has a big problem with errors in its practice tests. It also covers too much material, so it will over-prepare you for the AP exam. If you want a challenge and are really interested in chemistry, you could potentially benefit from this book, but I don't think it's as strong as the other titles on this list. Rating: 5/10 Which AP Chemistry Book Is Best for YOU? If you plan on buying a review book, you should make sure it fits your needs first. Most students will find the 5 Steps to to a 5 or Crash Course books helpful. I’d recommend 5 Steps to a 5 if you have at least a few months before the test and are still feeling confused about many of the concepts. Crash Course is better if you have less time to prepare and want a quicker review of everything you need to know. If you get the Crash Course book, you should also consider buying the book of practice questions from Sterling Test Prep to hone your skills. In fact, I think anyone would benefit from having a book of practice questions as a resource in addition to a traditional review book. The books from Princeton Review and Barron’s are moderately helpful, but they wouldn’t be my top choices. If you’re an intense student and are interested in learning more detailed information about chemistry, you might like the Barron’s book. If you’re just looking for an efficient review of the topics on the test, however, it's not the best resource. Cracking the AP Chemistry exam is slightly more helpful, but it goes a little too far in the opposite direction and skims over some of the material. I don’t recommend it for students who are still struggling with complex concepts in chemistry. Overall, I think you should start with one or two of the first three books in this article, and branch out into the others if you need more practice materials! What's Next? Read this article to learn more about the AP Chemistry exam, including its format, content, and scoring guidelines. Taking the Chemistry subject test in addition to the AP exam? Find out how subject tests and AP tests differ and which are more important for college. Need some help organizing your AP Chem studying? We have the ultimate AP Chemistry study guide and notes to study with, along with this primer on how to balance chemical equations. Still not sure whether you should sign up for two or three AP classes next year? This guide will tell you how many AP classes to take based on your goals for college. Considering the pre-med track in college? We have advice for how to start preparing for pre-med in high school here, along with this rundown of the 7 books you should read as a pre-med student. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

A case on Mergers & Acquisitions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

A case on Mergers & Acquisitions - Assignment Example me concepts such as FDI1, which is the acquisition of ownership of assets by a foreign country in another country with the intention of having direct control over manufacture, distribution and sales of a firm in the host country. Foreign investment basically means the gap in a country’s requirement for investment and its savings rate (Yuang, 1998 p.63). The host country for FDI stands to benefit in a number of ways in terms of capital formation, export diversification, technology import, management system improvement, and enhanced market competition, infrastructure development to support economic activity, financial sector growth and markets development (OECD, 2001 p.13). FDI is a powerful engine in helping to achieve country objectives such as those about poverty reduction, development and international integration, and it is perceived to be an international investment route that most developed economies have embraced. Low income countries in Africa, for example, have not taken this advantage and are thus being excluded from the globalization benefits of FDI. This research paper seeks to explain general aspects of international trade and economic blocs as well as critically evaluate the economic environment for FDI in the United Arab Emirates focusing on business risk for a firm keen on investing in UAE and considering key aspects of the international business environment such as culture, ethical practices, legal systems, purchasing power, income, consumption patterns, taxes, infrastructure, economic prospects and stability in general among others. Picking on a specific product or service, the paper will explain distribution and marketing strategies and provide guidance on the extent to which the firm’s performance may be put at risk based on last five years. International trade deals with the dynamics around movement of goods and services including intellectual property across country borders and it affects not only a country’s economic, social and

Legal Problems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Legal Problems - Essay Example The major issue which arises is therefore, negligence on the part of Kowloon Bank and whether they had a duty of care towards Lester and their employees. The salient principles of tort law establishing injury and harm to plaintiffs have been derived on the basis of judgments which have been set out in various cases such as Donaghue v Stevenson1, Anns v Merton Borough London Council2, Murphy v Brentwood DC3 and Caparo v Dickman4, which form the basis for the duty of care that forms the foundation of tort law. All of the above cases have established the â€Å"good neighbour† principle, wherein a person owes another a duty of care and this would especially be the case with employees having a duty of care towards their employees. The prevailing standard for medical negligence has been established in the case of Bolam5, i.e, the question of whether negligence has occurred must be assessed based upon whether a body of medical staff finds negligence to have occurred. McNorrie argues that the standards established in Bolam were bad in principle.6 He cites the case of Cavanagh v Ulster Weaving Co Ltd7 where employers were held to be liable for not taking good care of their employees. It must be noted at the outset that Lester had a disability and would have been responsible for equipping himself with necessary aids, such as a crutch in moving around the premises of the bank. Alternatively, he could have also requested such aids from the bank to enhance his mobility. The bank itself did all it could, i.e, providing him an ergonomic chair, etc. On the issue of not putting up signs that the floor was wet, the person liable would be the individual employee/cleaner who failed to post signs to state that the floor was wet, rather than the bank itself. Secondly, the magnitude of Lester’s injuries might not wholly have been caused by the wet floor, because he was already disabled with a limp. Secondly, the delays which occurred were mainly because of the

Blowfish Algorithm Advantages and Disadvantages

Blowfish Algorithm Advantages and Disadvantages Blowfish is a keyed (piece of information that determines the functional output of a cryptographic algorithm or cipher), symmetric cryptographic block cipher. It was designed by Bruce Schneier in 1993. Since then it has been analyzed considerably, and it is slowly gaining acceptance as a strong encryption algorithm. Blowfish is license-free and is available free for all uses. It is also a symmetric block cipher that can be used as a drop-in replacement for DES or IDEA. It takes a variable-length key, from 32 bits to 448 bits, making it ideal for both domestic and exportable use. Blowfish is also one of the fastest block ciphers in public use, making it ideal for a product that functions on a wide variety of processors found in mobile phones as well as in notebook and desktop computers. The first implementation of the Blowfish Algorithm in LabVIEW. With this set of subvis one can encrypt data in LabVIEW without the need of external software. This can be used to send data securely over Data socket as well as TCP and UDP communications along with protect remote control systems from unauthorized access, by encrypting the control communications. .( B. Schneier, Applied Cryptography, John Wiley Sons, New York, 1994.) 3.2 Strategies and Mechanisms Blowfish has a 64-bit block size and a key length of somewhere from 32 bits to 448 bits. The algorithm consists of two parts. One is a key-expansion part and one more is a data- encryption part. Key expansion converts a key of at most 448 bits into several subkey arrays totaling 4168 bytes. It is a 16-round Feistel cipher and uses large key-dependent S-boxes (basic component of symmetric key algorithms which performs substitution). Each round consists of a keydependent permutation, and a keydependent substitution. It is also similar in structure to CAST-128, which uses fixed S-boxes. Blowfish is suitable for application where the key does not change frequently, like a communication link or an automatic file encryptor. It is significantly faster than most encryption algorithm when on 32-bit microprocessor with large data caches. (Fast Software Encryption, Cambridge Security Workshop Proceedings December 1993) 3.3 The Feistel structure of Blowfish A Fiestel network is a general method of transforming any function (generally called F- function) into a permutation. It was inented by Horst Fiestel and has been used in many block chiper designed. The diagram below shows the action of Blowfish. Each line represents 32 bits. The algorithm keeps two subkey arrays: the 18-entry P-array and four 256-entry S-boxes. The S-boxes accept 8-bit input and produce 32-bit output. One entry of the P-array is used every round, and after the final round, each half of the data block is XORed with one of the two remaining unused P-entries. The diagram to the right shows Blowfishs F-function. The function splits the 32-bit input into four eight-bit quarters, and uses the quarters as input to the S-boxes. The outputs are added modulo 232 and XORed to produce the final 32-bit output. Since Blowfish is a Feistel network, it can be inverted simply by XO7Ring P17 and P18 to the cipher text block, then using the P-entries in reverse order. Blowfishs algorithm initialize with the P-array and S-boxes. The secret key is then XORed with the P-entries in order and then use the same method to encrypt all the zero string. The consequential ciphertext replaces P1 and P2 then encrypt the new P1 and P2 with the modified subkeys. Now the output is P3 and P4. Altogether Blowfish algorithm will repeat 521 times in order to calculate new subkeys for the P-array and the four S-boxes. It is about 4KB data is processed. The blowfish uses a large number of subkeys. These keys must be precomputed before any data encryption or decryption. The P-array consists of 18 32-bit subkeys: P1, P2, P3, P18. There are four 32-bit S-boxes with 256 entries each: S1,0, S1,1,, S1,255; S2,0, S2,1,..,, S2,255; S3,0, S3,1,, S3,255; S4,0, S4,1,..,, S4,255. Figure 3: Feistel Network (John Wiley Sons, New York, 1994) As what mentioned above, blowfish has 16 rounds. The method of calculating it: The input is a 64-bit data element, x. Divide x into two 32-bit half: xL, xR. Then, for i = 1 to 16: xL = xL XOR Pi xR = F(xL) XOR xR Swap xL and xR After the sixteenth round, swap xL and xR again to undo the last swap. Then, xR = xR XOR P17 and xL = xL XOR P18. Finally, recombine xL and xR to get the ciphertext. 3.4 Key Expansion Key expansion converts a key of at most 448 bits into several subkey arrays totaling 4168 bytes. The figure and the explanation of the Key Explanation of Blowfish are showed below Explanation for the Key Explanation of Blowfish figure : Step 1: Expand key to 576-bit XOR with P array Store results of 2 in P array Step 2: datal = 0x00000000; datar = 0x00000000; for (i = 0; i Blowfish_encipher(datal, datar); bf_P[i] = datal; bf_P[i + 1] = datar; } for (i = 0; i for (j = 0; j Blowfish_encipher(datal, datar); bf_S[i][j] = datal; bf_S[i][j + 1] = datar; } } 3.5 Application That Use Blowfish Method Below are the applications that using Blowfish Encryption: AEdit : A free Windows word processor incorporating text encryption. Coolfish: An encrypting text editor for Windows. Foopchat: Encrypted chat and advanced file sharing using a client/server architecture. JFile by Land-J Technologies: A database program for the PalmOS platform. Freedom by Zero-Knowledge: Privacy for web browsing, e-mail, chat, telnet, and newsgroups. JFile is one of the famous application that use blowfish method. JFile5 is the new version of the JFile. It is a flat-file database application for the PalmOS. There are 4 primary views in JFile 5.0. First is Main View, where it is the view that shows a list of all the JFile 5 databases that are currently installed on the Palm device. Second is New/Modify Database Structure View, this is the view when we are creating a new database, or modifying the structure of an existing database. Here is where we have to set the field names, the field types, the database name, and other elements of the database structure. The third view is Database View, this is the view that presented along when we tap on a database name from the Main View. The last view is Record View, this is the view that received when we tap a specific record from the Database View. In this JFile5 we can change the current method of security for each database by tapping the lock icon of the database on the main screen. There are three levels of security for databases in JFile5. The first level is the green/open lock where at this level the database contains no security, any user accessing the device can view and edit the database. The second level is the orange/grey closed lock, at this level the database is protected by the Security applications password (if it is set). To access this database, we will need to provide the password set in the Security application. This security level is appropriate for handing the Palm temporarily to a colleague so they wont have easy access to the database, but the information is not encrypted in any way. The third level is the red/dark closed lock at this level we will choose an encryption password for the database. The entire database will be encrypted, and we MUST remember the password to access the database. Due to the encryption, certain operations within the database will be slower. In addition, we will need to insure that any PC/Mac side utilities that we use w ith JFile support the encryption method. There are also some new features in this JFile5 where the maximum number of databases increased to 120 and it is improved use of color in the application compared to JFile4. There are 5 different sorts and filter settings can be saved for quick and easy usage, it is also easier to use because of the updated user interface. It is also has multiple locked columns for left/right scrolling in the main database view and the encryption of databases using 64-bit Blowfish algorithm. The VFS memory cards made easy movement of databases and have new calculated value field types. There are also default values for fields, read-only field options are also available with the Beam-Via-Coola (www.coola.com) support. They also enhanced resolution for Handera 330 devices, extensive keyboard input support and the Navigation of most common areas of JFile for JogDial equipped devices. The limitations for this JFile5 are 120 databases (1 in the demonstration version), 20 character maximum for field names, 50 fields maximum per databases, 4,000 characters per field of data, 10,000 characters per record of data and 16,000 records per database. 3.6 Hardware Architecture Pipelining is a famous technique for improving the throughput of computers, by using parallel elements so that several instructions can be worked on simultaneously. The basic idea of pipelining is to begin carrying out a new instruction before execution of an old one is completed. When pipelining is used, the number of steps in the basic algorithm is less important than fitting the steps into a framework so that they can be performed in parallel. The figure of the pippelining implementation are showed below These are processed separately (with delayed arithmetic carries shown in the figure as carry) and then combined at the end of processing. Even though more clock cycles are needed, the speed of the clock can be greatly improved, because smaller adders are required at each stage, with smaller internal propagation delays. (Malaysian Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 14 No. 1, June 2001, pp. 16-27) These are some examples of blowfish hardware architecture Figure 18: Chip Specifications What is this table? Explanation needed Mode Specification 0 Idle 1 Initial 2 Encrypt 3 DecryptTable 1: Mode Specification What is this figure? Explanation needed The controller is implemented as a Finite State Machine and described in a behavioral Verilog model. The figure and the explanation of the Finite State Machine are showed below Figure 20: FSM of Controller (Bruce Schneier, Applied Cryptography, John Wiley Sons, Inc. 1996) Explanation of Finite State Machine figure : e1: Finish loading data from ROM to SRAM e2: Finish initialization and mode != 1 e3: Finish encryption and mode != 2 e4: Finish decryption and mode != 3 Datapath includes ROM modules, SRAM modules, and the main arithmetic units of Blowfish. The figure showed below is the architecture of the datapath Figure 21 : The architecture of the datapath Explanation for the figure of the architecture : The  Ã‚ ° string is mapped to ROM_P and ROM_S-box. The P-array is mapped to SRAM_P, and the four S-boxes are mapped to SRAM_Sbox. Because the size of SRAM module is 2n words, P1 and P18 are implemented as registers, and the others are mapped to 1632 bits SRAM. We use a shift register under DataIn to expand 4-bit input to 64-bit input and a shift register over DataOut to reduce 64-bit output to 4-bit output. CORE implements the loop of the 16-round iteration. A pipeline stage is added to the output of the SRAM modules. The pipeline stages will double the performance of the Blowfish hardware but lead to the overhead of area. 3.7 Advantages and Drawbacks Blowfish is one of the fastest block ciphers in general use, except when changing keys. Each new key requires pre-processing equivalent to encrypting about 4 kilobytes of text, which is very slow compared to other block ciphers. This prevents its use in certain applications, but is not a problem in others, such as SplashID. In an application, its actually a benefit especially the password-hashing method used in OpenBSD uses an algorithm derived from Blowfish that makes use of the slow key schedule. Blowfish is not subject to any patents and is therefore freely available for anyone to use. This has contributed to its popularity in cryptographic software. The disadvantages of Blowfish are it must get key to the person out of band specifically not through the unsecured transmission channel. Each pair of users needs a unique, so as number of users increase, key management becomes complicated. For example N(N-1)/2 keys required. Blowfish cant provide authentication and non-repudiation as two people have same key. It also has weakness in decryption process over other algorithms in terms of time consumption and serially in throughput

Analysis Sometimes The Sky’s Too Bright

Thomas describes the thoughts and feelings of falling out of a broken relationship with metaphors like the profusion of images and things. The poem has also explored the perspectives of both parties in the failed relationship. It also uncovers the facades of the â€Å" over fruitful smiles† as it describes the genuine feelings underneath. â€Å" Sometimes the sky’s too bright† denotes that submission is the only thing left to do after a broken relationship. The metaphor of the sky and the wildlife of it describes the love the persona is in.â€Å" Sometimes the sky’s too bright,† shows how sometimes love can be too intense and too glaring as described by â€Å" bright†. Also, â€Å" or has too many clouds or birds† illustrates the obstructions in the sky, blocking the view where birds and clouds are the metaphors of the different obstacles and blurring a relationship can have. The persona is using these metaphors to paint a visual image of how a relationship is like the sky, unpredictable. When it’s clear, the future is vivid and distinct, however, clouds and bird may suddenly infest the view, blurring the road ahead of the relationship.The poem continues by â€Å" And far away’s too sharp a sun to nourish thinking of him. â€Å" In my opinion, this refers to how the persona thinks that the imminent future of her relationship is too clear for her to try and sculpt her future as described by â€Å" nourish† where it is used to describe the upbringing of the relationship she wants. As the first four lines proceeds together, the persona is trying to say that the relationship may sometimes be too precise and intense, it may also be too unclear and blurred, thus, she can not sculpt the perfect future of her love life, making her submit to reality.Through line 5 to line 15, the persona is expressing that she has no ability to change the way she still feels or to turn away from it, thus she makes t he selfish decision to wish her muse falls into the same depression the persona is in too. In line 9, ‘weightless’ is being used to describe the lips followed by the inability to ‘lift’ it in line 11. This intensifies the persona’s feeling of unworthy and defeat as she is not able to lift something that is weightless, which shows how useless the persona thinks of herself. In line 12, a juxtaposition ‘creature’ and ‘angel’ is being used to differentiate heart from mind.In my opinion, the persona tries to degrade her muse in attempt to get over him by calling him a creature who hurts her. She is able to change how she thinks of her muse however, she is unable to change how she sees him, evidently when ‘angel’ is used. Thus, the persona expresses her desire for her muse to also feel the way she does. When she isn’t able to ‘lift the weightless lips’ , she wishes him to also ‘go down in mis ery’. Line 16 narrates â€Å" No stopping. † This caesura shows determination in the persona to just submit to the facts. However, a hint of reluctance is observed as â€Å" No stopping. † instead of ‘stop. ’.The lengthening of the statement has a soft and submissive sound. Through this poem, the persona ventured from her personal feelings towards her muse, continued by accepting that she cannot change and thus hopes for her muse to fall in misery with her, and realizes eventually that the only thing one can do when falling out of love is to submit, which is the purpose of the poem. The tone of the poem is emotional and sentimental. The metaphors used are of nature, like the sky, clouds and birds. These visual imageries has a relaxing feeling, where there is no intense or dramatic emotion detected, making the poem very heartfelt and sincere.Also the diction of the poem showed no anger or strong feelings due to the lack of loaded words. The frequent use of metaphors indicated that the poem had many connotations showing the sentimental value of each metaphor. This gives the poem a very deep meaning that goes beyond the literal meaning of the words. Although the visual imager used does not show signs of dramatic emotion, the language use does. It is seen where â€Å" My horrid images for me† is used. ‘Horrid’ being used as an intensifier for ‘bad’ shows the discontent of the persona towards what lies before his eyes.It is filled with her distasteful emotions, proving that the poem is in fact emotional. Similarly, ‘ misery’, ‘burns’ and ‘tear’ are all loaded words used throughout the poem to intensify the adjectives used to describe the persona’s emotions. The use of such loaded words gives us an idea on the extent of the specific emotion. The language use in the poem is therefore emotional and impactful, yet not flamboyant. Finally, the lack of alliter ation and rhyming schemes suggests that the persona did not have smooth thoughts and emotions.Thus, the tone of the  poem is not uniform, but generally similar throughout. It is seen in line 7-15 that there is a hint of plead and sorrow in the persona’s tone, where she pleads for the hurt to be even. However, through line 16 to 19, the tones changed from sorrow and plead to determination and succumb, where she accepts reality and is focused on moving on. Henceforth, it can be seen that the poem is flooded with emotion and slightly differs as the poem progresses. There is a free structure to this poem where no fixed structure is being used to narrate the different emotions observed.However, there is still a progression as the poem continues form line to line, which gives the poem a narrated structure. The first 4 lines is used to describe how unpredictable a relationship can get. The next 4 lines is used to show how the persona has no ability to turn away from the hurt she f eels. Followed by the next 7 lines which is when the persona tries an alternative which is hoping her partner feels pain to make her feel better. Line 16-19 then clearly shows the persona’s decision to move on and her determination in that decision.Starting the next stanza is a change in perspective, from the female’s to the male’s where the first 5 lines shows the hurt he feels despite it being his actions, â€Å" I tear her breast†¦flowing from her, but mine. ’ The next 4 lines describes the persona’s inability to comprehend his own actions, followed by the last 2 line when he expresses that he does not ache although he feels pain which means that he cannot undo anything thus, no point aching. Henceforth, the free structure shows that relationships are not fixed, that they are always surprising.Also, the different number of lines used to describe each phase differs, as there is no telling how long each phase will last. Thus, although Ã¢â‚¬Ë œ Sometimes the sky’s too bright ‘ does not have a fixed stannic structure, it has a structure within its content to create an imagery of the different phases of emotions felt by the persona. In conclusion, the title ‘ Sometimes the sky’s too bright’ prepares the reader to expect a poem on the bad side of being too positive, which is congruent to the poem itself, where sometimes a relationship that is too precise and intense and lead the couple down a slippery slope.

What Experts Are Saying About Topics about Science for Essay and What This Means For You

What Experts Are Saying About Topics about Science for Essay and What This Means For You The multiple topics could be found, for instance, in the dissertation abstracts international database. From time to time, students are provided to select a topic for their research paper independently, but in a few colleges, tutors prefer to assign tasks in specific regions of study related to exercise science. Science papers involve lots of research and data. Research papers are trying, but in addition they have the capacity to be somewhat rewarding. Topics about Science for Essay: No Longer a Mystery Remember a great science research topic and a superb research paper based on this ought to be identified for publication into a scientific journal. In the majority of instances, understanding the needs of science research topics will ask you to carry out some preliminary exploration around this issue. Despite how the thesis statement is at the start of the research paper, it's supposed t o be the culmination of all the research that was completed and analyzed as a member of the research undertaking. Without a suitable content, decent research paper topics won't make sense. You'll quickly discover that a tiny discussion can go quite a way. To choose which subject you're likely to discuss, it's crucial to see the complete collection of good persuasive speech topics from the specific area of study. When you receive a topic, the best method to comprehend and handle the topic is to produce the topic your own. If you decide on one of these topics, you'll unquestionably succeed to draw the interest of your audience only because they involve the latest discussion topics. Now you have a great idea of the way to hunt for college research paper topics, you're ready for some suggestions. 1 way to do this is by taking a look at science essay examples. The fantastic thing about science is there are so many topics you may write about regardless of which course you're taki ng. If you're undertaking political science, you are quite lucky because this program is extremely debatable nowadays. What About Topics about Science for Essay? What follows is an extensive collection of the most intriguing research topics to have you started. Following are various sorts of essay topics for students that are categorized in many sections so you can easily chose the topic depending on your need and requirement. Many students discover that they just have to talk through a couple of topic ideas until they make their final selections. If you should write only 1 paper at the conclusion of the period, you can breathe out as you are blessed. Another good idea is to receive some absolutely free essay examples of different kinds and on various subjects to find a general idea of the way in which a thriving debatable paper looks. When deciding on a physical science paper topic, you have to make certain that the topic you've chosen is current and strong, and that it's so mething which you can work with to make an intriguing paper. It's possible to find out more regarding students' term papers here. You will locate all the necessary info in their site, where you could also join a few of their mailing lists. If you still feel you need help, even if you've managed to decide on a topic, you may always seek the services of a custom writing service that will help you produce a fabulous research paper of which you'll be proud and will guarantee you a nice mark. When you get the prompt, attempt to correct the academic format with the support of numerous free online writing guides. This video guides you through the procedure for picking a topic. Make certain you understand which you're comparing. Make certain there are sources from which you are able to retrieve information on the subject of your selection. As you have observed, different kinds of essay topics have various tactics to approach them, and in addition, they have their own benefits. In reality, if you think about that themost expensive portion of your system will most likely be your records, it makes lots of sense to shell out money on a better turntable so that your records will stay in good form. Many distinctive regions of health science often interact to give health and medical services to patients. For the appropriate rise and maturation of the nation, it's very required to go science and technology hand in hand. It's the science and technology that has helped India to receive its real recognition all around the world. Science and technologies are playing great function in meeting the requirements and necessities of the contemporary folks. In case the latter is true, the topic should be chosen dependent on its depth and controversial nature. The option of compare and contrast essay topics isn't a simple task because you should clearly show your analytical skills. It's recommended that you just opt for the topic that it is possible to deal with, for instance, if you're not t sketching the personality characteristics then you ought to better not elect for it. These topics will help you a great deal in your assignments. Writing a superb persuasive essay is not a simple task, however, it's achievable. You might be asking yourself how to select and handle decent science essay topics. Select an intriguing essay topic, and you're going to begin enjoying it. There are several persuasive essay topics to pick from to finish your high school or college assignment. With over one million of species identified it is among the most fascinating subdivisions of biology. There is another science about viruses. The way the dark side of science is extremely destructive nowadays. Since our user isn't professional scientist, facing unknown squirrel species and not able to identify them could dampen their enthusiasm for a squirrel-liker. The structure is everything when it has to do with a science paper. Science research topics ought to have a purpose and the total purpose ought to be to add something scholastic to academia. Details of Topics about Science for Essay When prior brainstorming is finished, you might begin drafting your essay. At exactly the same time, it's a terrific persuasive essay idea. In the procedure for writing research articles, it's required to adhere to a particular topic. Understanding how to pick a topic is critical for all writing, and below is a concise guide explaining the best way to do it.

The Assassination Of President Abraham Lincoln Essay

One of the most tragic moments throughout all American history in my opinion is the Assassination of President Abraham Lincoln. With no surprise I am writing about certain event that occurred leading up to, during, and after this unfortunate event. This historical event is clouded with conspiracy but I will try to avoid specifics of that particular view. Abraham Lincoln was born in a little town located within Hardin Country, Kentucky on February 12, 1809 (www.whitehouse.gov/abrahamlincoln). He grew up dirt poor and in my opinion could be considered a frontiers man just like his father was. His mother on the other hand passed away when Lincoln was at a very young age. Lincoln was also in my opinion of great intelligence, hard worker, and a very ambitious young man. He would farm and run a store in New Salem, Illinois (www.whitehouse.gov). A little less known tale about him is that he was a very good wrestler back in the day and received his nick name â€Å"honest Abe† for walk ing a library book several miles to be returned. He met the love of his life May Todd after becoming a dynamic lawyer and had four young boys. Sadly only one lived to see adult hood (www.history.com). Abraham Lincoln became the 16th President of the United States of America in 1861. At this time the states where not so united. As a matter of fact 13 of them had succeeded from the union in the same year President Lincoln was elected (1861). The historical significance of this time was known as theShow MoreRelatedAbraham Lincoln s Assassination Of President1176 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Lincoln’s Assassination President Abraham Lincoln was the first United States president ever to be assassinated while in office. He was president during the Civil War and had many people that did not like him. 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